10C/C1
[Those indicated in "xxx" have been given in writing elsewhere of the
course. Students want to make sure to know them.]
C1: G, Newton's gravitational constant,
& his three laws of motion & his universal law
of gravity
* Newton's three laws of motion; for equations, see p.
134 - 135 of TB1.
* Newton's universal law of gravity: The gravitational
force between two massive objects is proportional to the product of the
two (rest) masses, and is inversely proportional to the distance between
them. The proportional constant is G. For the equation, see p. 138 of TB1.
** Units of G;
* Angular momentum is conserved
** Equation for angular momentum;
see solution to problem 5 of Quiz 3; solutions to HW4, SA4.1.
* Energy in Newtonian mechanics is composed of kinetic
energy (one for each dimension of the space) and potential energy (due to
the gravitational force in the direction of the pull only)
** Equations
for kineticenergies, one for each dimension of the space:
*** kinetic energy in the radial direction;
*** kinetic energy in the angular direction (See HW4,
SA4.1, 4.2, & 4.3)
*** kinetic energy in the 3rd direction (the direction
perpendicular to the above two) = 0.
** Gravitation
potential energy (usually negative)
*** Exact equation, see solution to HW4, SA4.3;
*** Exact equation for the difference of two potential
energies, HW8, SA8.3.
*** Approximate equation Exact equation for the difference
of two potential energies at different heights (radii) = MgH.
* Escape velocity is the velocity at which the sum of
the kinetic energy (positive) and the gravitational potential energy (negative)
is zero, see HW4, SA4.3.