| Passive receiver of information Verifier of Physical Laws Recipe follower | Constructor of Understanding Questioner Peer Teacher |
| Provider of Course Content Lecturer | Instruction Designer Course Manager & Guide |
| Lab Monitor Question Answerer | Learning Facilitator Questioner/Prober Guide Discussion Facilitator |
| 1000+ Page Textbook Detailed Lab Manual | Focused Learning Resources Web Based Resources Learning Guides |
| Linear Logical Development Isolated Topics | Thematic, Spiral Approach Topic Connections Emphasized |
| Attending Lecture Memorizing Sample Problem Solutions Individually Working Problems Focus on Finding Right Equation | Working in Cooperative Groups Guided Individual and Group Construction of Models Conceptual Understanding and Prototype Solutions |
| Focused on Skill at algorithimic Problem Solving | Focus Includes Concept Understanding Rubric Approach to Grading Using Performance Standards Allow Students to Redo Work |
| Change has been Slow and Incremental Based on Physicist's Notion of how Course should be Altered | Formative Assessment Built into Course Structure Course Continually Evolves in Response to Student Performance and Needs |
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